have to, must, should, may, might, could
Clique no que você acha que é o Verbo Modal. Para que eles são usados?
a) You must carry your ID at the lab.
b) You don’t have to bring your laptop today.
c) Could you email the draft by noon?
d) It might rain after lunch.
e) We should book the hostel in advance.
f) May I sit here?
g) You mustn’t use your phone during the test.
h) We have to wear helmets on the site.
a) must (Obrigação forte / Regra)
b) don’t have to (Ausência de obrigação)
c) Could (Pedido educado)
d) might (Possibilidade)
e) should (Conselho / Recomendação)
f) May (Permissão formal)
g) mustn’t (Proibição)
h) have to (Obrigação externa)
You must show your badge at reception.
Volunteers have to arrive by 8:30.
You don’t have to print the tickets; digital is fine.
It may be crowded on Friday.
We might need a second driver.
You should try the faster route.
Could we reschedule for tomorrow?
Mustn’t we finish this form? (formal/rhetorical)
Shall we meet at Gate B? (BrE offer)
You mustn’t feed the animals.
Must vs. Have to: Must é frequentemente usado para uma obrigação que vem do falante (uma ordem, um sentimento forte de necessidade). Have to geralmente expressa uma obrigação externa (uma regra, lei, ou ordem de outra pessoa). Por exemplo, "Volunteers have to arrive by 8:30" (é a regra do evento).
Permission or Polite Request: As linhas com May, Could e Shall mostram permissão, pedidos educados ou ofertas.
Probability: As linhas com may e might mostram probabilidade ou possibilidade, não uma certeza.
More Formal: As frases com May e Mustn’t (na forma de pergunta) soam mais formais.
Write 3 new sentences about your week using any three different modals.
Exemplo 1: I have to finish a report by Friday.
Exemplo 2: I should go to the supermarket after work today.
Exemplo 3: It might rain this weekend.
1. You ( / ) submit the form today if you want the discount.
2. ( / ) I ask you a quick question?
3. You ( / ) bring cash — cards are accepted.
4. It ( / ) be Ana at the door — I’m not sure.
5. You ( / ) try smaller sizes first.
1. You speak louder; the mic is off.
2. Visitors touch the artwork. (rule)
3. We leave now; the last train is at 11. (necessity)
4. It snow tonight; take a jacket. (possibility)
5. we move this meeting to 3 p.m.? (polite request)
6. You worry; everything is ready. (advice/negative)
7. Staff wear ID at all times. (rule)
8. You pay — it’s free for students. (not necessary)
9. It be Lucas; he has the key. (strong deduction)
10. we meet at the lobby? (offer/suggestion)
1. have to / must
2. mustn’t
3. have to / must
4. might / could
5. Could
6. don’t have to
7. must / have to
8. don’t have to
9. must
10. Shall
💡 Curiosity: Must também indica dedução lógica (“Ele deve ser o chefe” = He must be the manager).
🇬🇧 British English: Shall aparece mais em inglês britânico (convites/contratos).
🏢 External Need: “Have to” costuma expressar necessidade externa (regra, horário).
🗣️ Prosody Tip: In fast speech, have to → /hæftə/ (“hafta”); should have → /ʃʊdəv/ (“should’ve”).
🔊 Emphasis: Stress the modal when emphasizing attitude: You MUST call her.
😎 To sound like a native! You gotta… (= you have got to) — informal. You gotta see this movie!
Your friend is visiting your city. Write a short message (90–120 words) including:
Hey [Friend's Name],
I'm so excited you're coming! Just a couple of things to know. At my apartment, you must take your shoes off at the door. Also, on the bus, you have to pay with the exact change.
For your visit, you should definitely see the downtown market, and you should try the local pão de queijo.
The weather might be a bit rainy, so we may need to bring an umbrella for our tours.
One last thing: could you please send me your flight details?
See you soon!
Write a paragraph about your next month’s goals using at least 6 different modals. Highlight them in bold.
Use a certainty thermometer (low → high): might → may → should → must.
Next month, I want to focus on my personal projects. I must finish the online course I started. To do that, I have to dedicate at least one hour every day. I should also organize my notes to make studying easier. If I have extra time, I may start reading a new book. I might even try that new café downtown for a change of scenery. Hopefully, I can achieve all of these goals.
Answer the questions below, based on the teacher’s reading.
A) What is the event? A professional development workshop.
B) Highlight what you must/have to do: arrive early / bring food / print materials / complete feedback.
C) What modals have you heard? (Ex: must, have to, don't have to, should, may).
On the spot, say 3 brand-new sentences about today: one advice, one rule, one possibility.
Advice: You should drink more water today.
Rule: I have to finish my work before 6 PM.
Possibility: It might get colder later tonight.